HomeMy WebLinkAbout10-16-2025 Charter Commission Packet
ATTENDANCE INFORMATION FOR THE PUBLIC
Members of the public who wish to attend may do so in-person. For questions, please call
the Administration Department at 763-706-3610.
Call to Order
Roll Call/Status of Membership
Approval of Agenda
Approval of Minutes
1. Approval of July 17, 2025 Meeting Minutes
Correspondence
Old Business
2. Second Hearing of Charter changes on Recall and related areas
New Business
3. Motion on Mayoral duties and term
Adjournment
Please email President Laine at carolynlaine@gmail.com if you cannot attend.
Auxiliary aids or other accommodations for individuals with disabilities are available upon request when the
request is made at least 72 hours in advance. Please contact Administration at 763-706-3610 to make
arrangements.
CHARTER COMMISSION
Columbia Heights City Hall, 3989 Central Ave NE, Shared Vision
Thursday, October 16, 2025 7:00 PM
AGENDA
Call to Order
Roll Call/Status of Membership
Members present: Kathy Ahlers, Wolid Ahmed, Larry Betzhold, Christine Brown, Ben Harris, Leo
James, Veronica Johnson, Carolyn Laine, Julie Rose, Frost Simula, Marsha Stroik, Susan
Wiseman
Members absent: Excused: Matt Abel, Bill Hugo Unexcused: Wolid Ahmed
Also Present: Council Liaison Laurel Deneen, City Attorney Travis Lutz
1. Reappointment of Commissioner Harris
Approval of Agenda
Motion by Betzhold to approve, second by Wiseman. Motion passes.
2. Approval of April 10, 2025 Meeting Minutes
Motion by Johnson, second by Brown. Motion passes.
Correspondence
Copy of letter from City Manager Aaron Chirpich regarding Board and Commission Training.
Old Business
3. Changes to Recall elections, vacancies
President Laine pointed out that current state laws mandate specific dates and processes for
elections. These dates pose scheduling challenges when a recall and the election of a
replacement are combined on the same ballot. Commissioner Abel mailed a suggestion to align
the recall process with the existing process for filling a vacancy. President Laine agreed and
proposed to simplify the recall into its own election, thereby allowing a vacancy to be filled
according to the existing process.
CHARTER COMMISSION
Columbia Heights City Hall, 3989 Central Ave NE, Shared Vision
Thursday, July 17, 2025
7:00 PM
DRAFT MINUTES
The proposal included the following changes:
Chapter 5. Initiative, Referendum, and Recall Section 52. Form of Recall Ballot.
Unless the officer whose removal is sought shall have resigned within ten days after the receipt
by the council of the completed recall petition, the form of the ballot at such election shall be
as near as may be: "Shall A be recalled?" the name of the officer whose recall is sought being
inserted in place of A, and the electors shall be permitted to vote separately "Yes" or "No" upon
this question. The ballot shall also contain the names of the candidates to be voted upon to fill
the vacancy, in case the recall is successful, under the caption: "Candidates to fill the place of A,
if recalled." But the officer whose recall is sought shall not be a candidate upon such ballot. In
case a majority of those voting for and against the recall of any official shall vote in favor of
recall, such official shall be thereby removed from office, and in that event the candidate who
receives the highest number of votes for that office shall be elected thereto for the balance of
the unexpired term. a vacancy shall be declared and shall be filled as set out in Section 9 of this
charter. If the officer sought to be recalled shall have resigned within ten days after the receipt
by the council of the completed recall petition, the form of ballot at the election shall be the
same as nearly as may be, as the form in use at a regular municipal election.
Motion by Laine, second by Harris.
Roll call vote:
Ayes (11): Ahlers, Betzhold, Brown, Harris, James, Johnson, Laine, Rose, Simula, Stroik,
Wiseman
Nay (1): Sloat
Motion passes.
Chapter 2. Form of Government Section 9. Vacancies in the Council
Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, any vacancy resulting from a recall election or
from a resignation following the filing of a recall petition shall be filled in the manner provided
in such case.
Motion by Wiseman, second by James
Roll call vote:
Ayes (9): Ahlers, Betzhold, Brown, James, Johnson, Laine, Rose, Simula, Wiseman
Nays (3): Harris, Sloat, Stroik
Motion passes.
Summary of all changes regarding recall
Changes to Chapter 2 Form of Government
Section 9, first hearing on July 17, 2025.
“Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, any vacancy resulting from a recall
election or from a resignation following the filing of a recall petition shall be filled in the
manner provided in such case.”
Changes to Chapter 5 Initiative, Referendum and Recall
New section, first hearing on October 17, 2024.
“Section [#]. Right of Recall. The people of the City of Columbia Heights hereby reserve
to themselves the right and power to remove from office at any time any or all of the
elected officers of the City for malfeasance or nonfeasance in office in accordance with
state law. For this purpose, the word ‘malfeasance’ means the performance of an act in
their official capacity that is unlawful or wrongful, and the word ‘nonfeasance’ means
the failure to act where there was a duty to act. The exercise of this power shall be
designated as “the recall”.”
Section 41, first hearing on January 16, 2025.
“If the council shall fail to pass the proposed ordinance, or shall pass it on in a form
different from that set forth in the petition and unsatisfactory to the petitioners, the
proposed ordinance shall be submitted by the council to vote of the electorate at the
next election occurring not more than three months after the date of the final action by
the council, and if no otherwise scheduled election is to be held within three months
from such date, then the council shall call a special election to be held not less than
thirty nor more than forty-five days from such date soonest date that conforms with
state law.”
Section 44, first hearing on January 16, 2025.
“In the latter case the council shall immediately order a special municipal election to be
held thereon within not less than thirty nor more than forty-five days from the action of
the council calling it at the soonest date that conforms with state law.”
Section 48, first hearing on January 16, 2025.
“Signatures must be from eligible voters who are on active status on the Statewide
Voter Registration System at the time of the petition verification.”
Section 50, first hearing on January 16, 2025.
“The council shall at its next meeting, by motion, provide for the holding of a special
recall election not less than thirty nor more than forty-five days thereafter, provided
that if any other municipal election is to occur within sixty days after such meeting, the
council may in its discretion provide for the holding of the recall election at that time at
the soonest date that conforms with state law.”
Section 52, first hearing on July 17, 2025.
“Unless the officer whose removal is sought shall have resigned within ten days after
the receipt by the council of the completed recall petition, the form of the ballot at such
election shall be as near as may be: "Shall A be recalled?" the name of the officer whose
recall is sought being inserted in place of A, and the electors shall be permitted to vote
separately "Yes" or "No" upon this question. The ballot shall also contain the names of
the candidates to be voted upon to fill the vacancy, in case the recall is successful, under
the caption: "Candidates to fill the place of A, if recalled." But the officer whose recall is
sought shall not be a candidate upon such ballot. In case a majority of those voting for
and against the recall of any official shall vote in favor of recall, such official shall be
thereby removed from office, and in that event the candidate who receives the highest
number of votes for that office shall be elected thereto for the balance of the unexpired
term. a vacancy shall be declared and shall be filled as set out in Section 9 of this
charter. If the officer sought to be recalled shall have resigned within ten days after the
receipt by the council of the completed recall petition, the form of ballot at the election
shall be the same as nearly as may be, as the form in use at a regular municipal
election.”
New Business
Adjournment
Motion by Sloat, second by Betzhold. Motion passes.
Next meeting October 16, 2025 @ 7pm
Oct. 16, 2025 Second Hearing for Proposed Charter changes to:
Chapter 5
Initiative, Referendum and Recall:
Section 41. ACTION OF COUNCIL ON PETITION. …. If the council shall fail to pass the
proposed ordinance, or shall pass it on in a form different from that set forth in the petition and
unsatisfactory to the petitioners, the proposed ordinance shall be submitted by the council to
vote of the electorate at the next election occurring not more than three months after the date
of the final action by the council, and if no otherwise scheduled election is to be held within
three months from such date, then the council shall call a special election to be held not less
than thirty nor more than forty-five days from such date soonest date that conforms with state
law. …. (first hearing on January 16, 2025)
Section 44. THE REFERENDUM. …. In the latter case the council shall immediately order
a special municipal election to be held thereon within not less than thirty nor more than forty-
five days from the action of the council calling it at the soonest date that conforms with state
law. (first hearing on January 16, 2025)
Section 47. THE RECALL. Right of Recall: The people of the City of Columbia Heights
hereby reserve to themselves the right and power to remove from office at any time any or all
of the elected officers of the City for malfeasance or nonfeasance in office in accordance with
state law. For this purpose, the word ‘malfeasance’ means the performance of an act in their
official capacity that is unlawful or wrongful, and the word ‘nonfeasance’ means the failure to
act where there was a duty to act. The exercise of this power shall be designated as “the recall.”
…. (first hearing on October 17, 2024)
Section 48. RECALL PETITIONS. The petition for the recall of any official shall consist of a
certificate identical with that filed with the city clerk together with all the signature papers and
affidavits thereto attached. All the signatures need not be on one signature paper, but the
circulator of every such paper shall make an affidavit that each signature appended to the
paper is the genuine signature of the person whose name it purports to be. Signatures must be
from eligible voters who are on active status on the Statewide Voter Registration System at the
time of the petition verification. Each signature paper shall be substantially the following form:
…. (first hearing on January 16, 2025)
Section 50. RECALL ELECTION. If the petition or amended petition be found sufficient,
…. The council shall at its next meeting, by motion, provide for the holding of a special recall
election not less than thirty nor more than forty-five days thereafter, provided that if any other
municipal election is to occur within sixty days after such meeting, the council may in its
discretion provide for the holding of the recall election at that time at the soonest date that
conforms with state law. (first hearing on January 16, 2025)
Section 52. FORM OF RECALL BALLOT. Unless the officer whose removal is sought shall have
resigned within ten days after the receipt by the Council of the completed recall petition, the
form of the ballot at such election shall be as near as may be: “Shall A be recalled?” the name of
the officer whose recall is sought being inserted in place of A., and the electors shall be
permitted to vote separately “Yes” or “No" upon this question. The ballot shall also contain the
names of the candidates to be voted upon to fill the vacancy, in case the recall is successful,
under the caption: “Candidates to fill the place of A, if recall.” But the officer whose recall is
sought shall not be a candidate upon such ballot. In case a majority of those voting for and
against the recall of any official shall vote in favor of recall, such official shall be thereby
removed from office, and in that event the candidate who receives the highest number of
votes for that office shall be elected thereto for the balance of the unexpired term, a vacancy
shall be declared and shall be filled as set out in Section 9 of this Chapter. If the officer sought
to be recalled shall have resigned within ten days after the receipt by the Council of the
completed recall petition, the form of the ballot at the election shall be the same as nearly as
may be, as the form in use at a regular municipal election. (first hearing on April 10, 2025)
Chapter 2
Form of Government:
SECTION 9. VACANCIES IN THE COUNCIL. [last sentence] Notwithstanding anything to the
contrary herein, any vacancy resulting from a recall election or from a resignation following
the filing of a recall petition shall be filled in the manner provided in such case.
(first hearing on April 10, 2025)
Motion regarding changes to Mayoral duties and term: First Hearing
1) City Manager controls and directs all departments, adding here the police department
Section 10. THE MAYOR. The mayor shall be the presiding officer of the council, and shall
exercise all powers and perform all duties conferred and imposed upon the mayor by this
charter, the ordinances of the city, and the laws of the state. A president pro tempore shall be
chosen who shall serve as president in the mayor’s absence, and who shall, in the mayor’s
absence, exercise all powers and perform all duties conferred and imposed upon the mayor by
this charter, the ordinances of the city and the laws of the state. In the absence of both the
mayor and the president pro tempore, the council member with the most seniority (as
determined by consecutive uninterrupted years of service to date) shall exercise and perform
said powers and duties. The mayor shall have the appointment, control, and direction of all
police officers of the city, and shall be recognized as the official head of the city for all
ceremonial purposes, by the courts for the purpose of serving civil processes, and by the
governor for the purposes of the military law. In the event of a vacancy in the office of mayor,
whether by death, resignation, or any other cause, the council shall order a special election to
fill the vacancy for the unexpired term except in the case of a recall, the vacancy shall be filled in
the manner provided by this charter.
Section 53. POWERS AND DUTIES OF THE CITY MANAGER. Subject to the provisions of this
charter and any regulations consistent therewith which may be adopted by council, the city
manager shall control and direct the administration of the city’s affairs, except that the police
department and the enforcement of the laws pertaining to said department shall be under the
sole control of the mayor. The city manager’s duties shall be:
(a) To see that this charter and the laws, ordinances and resolutions of the city are
enforced;
(b) To appoint and, except as herein provided, remove the city clerk, all heads of
departments, and all subordinate officers and employees in the departments, all
appointments to be upon merit and fitness alone;
(c) To exercise control over all departments and divisions of the city administration created
by this charter or which may be hereafter created by the council except as herein
provided;
(d) To attend all meetings of the council, with the right to take part in the discussions but
having no vote; but the council may at its discretion exclude the city manager from
meetings at which the city manager’s removal is considered;
(e) To recommend to the council for adoption such measures as the city manager may deem
necessary for the welfare of the people and the efficient administration of the city’s
affairs;
(f) To keep the council fully advised as to the financial condition and needs of the city, and
to prepare and to submit to the council the annual budget;
(g) To prepare and to submit to the council for adoption an administrative code
incorporating the details of administrative procedures, and from time to time to suggest
amendments to the same; and
(h) To perform such other duties as may be prescribed by this charter or required of the city
manager by ordinances or resolutions adopted by the council.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2) Mayor’s term of office reverts to the same as all other council members
Section 7. ELECTIVE OFFICES. The council shall be composed of a mayor and four council
members who shall be qualified electors, and who shall be elected at large in the manner
hereinafter provided. The four council members shall serve for a term of four years and until
their successors are elected and qualified. The Mayor shall serve for a term of two four years
and until a successor is elected and qualified. The council shall be judge of the election of the
mayor and council members.
Correspondence from Aaron Chirpich, City Manager and from LMC:
(over)
Fw: Charter City Petition Requirements
Aaron Chirpich <AChirpich@columbiaheightsmn.gov> Tue, Sep 16, 2025 at 9:29 AM
To: Carolyn Laine <carolynlaine@gmail.com>
Cc: Amáda Márquez Simula <AMarquezSimula@columbiaheightsmn.gov>
President Laine, (Council blind copied)
Please see the notice from the League of Minnesota Cities in the email below. It looks like
the City will need to update our Charter election petition format to align with state law. The
League provides a good model for us to work with that is linked in their email. In addition to
the petition changes detailed below, the City Council has interest in discussing some
additional amendments to the Charter. At a recent work session, the Council discussed a
desire to work with the Charter Commission to see if there is support for the following:
• Mayoral Term Length:
Currently, the Mayor serves a two-year term. Many cities across Minnesota and the
nation have shifted to four-year Mayoral terms, which offer more stability, reduce the
frequency and cost of campaigning, and allow for more consistent long-term planning.
A longer term may also support deeper engagement with staff, residents, and regional
partners.
• Language Concerning Oversight of the Police Department:
The Charter states that the Mayor has the “appointment, control, and direction of all
police officers of the city.” In practice, however, this structure does not reflect how city
operations are carried out. The Mayor appoints the Police Chief, but does not exercise
control or direction over police personnel. The Police Chief reports to the City
Manager, who oversees day-to-day operations, policy implementation, and
departmental performance.
Please let me know your thoughts on these items. The Council is very interested in the idea
of a joint work session to discuss potential Charter amendments if the Commission wants
to consider that option.
Thank you for your dedication and service to the residents of Columbia Heights!
Aaron
Aaron Chirpich - MPA | City Manager
City of Columbia Heights | Administration Department
3989 Central Avenue NE | Columbia Heights, MN 55421
achirpich@columbiaheightsmn.gov
Direct: 763-706-3609 | Main: 763-706-3600
Correspondence from Aaron Chirpich, City Manager and from LMC:
(over)
From: Rosene, Josephine <JRosene@lmc.org>
Sent: Tuesday, August 26, 2025 11:34 AM
Subject: Charter City Petition Requirements
Good afternoon,
The League is reaching out to charter cities across the state to bring to attention an
important compliance issue regarding requirements for petitions submitted by city
residents. Under Minnesota Rule 8205.1010, all petitions for elections in the state must
include a space for signatories to provide their year of birth. Petitions must include each
signatory’s year of birth to confirm that each individual who signs the petition is in fact a
qualified voter in the city.
Upon review, it appears that your city’s current charter provisions and/or model petition
forms may not include this required field. To ensure alignment with state regulations, the
League recommends that charter cities notify their charter commissions of this
requirement so they can consider any necessary updates to charter language and/or
petition forms.
The League recently developed a Proposed Petition model form that charter cities can use
to guide any required updates to their charter provisions and/or model petition forms. You
can find the model form, along with the recently updated Handbook for Minnesota Cities
Chapter 4: The Home Rule Charter City, on the League’s website using this link: Handbook
for Minnesota Cities Chapter 4: The Home Rule Charter City - League of Minnesota
Cities.
If you have any questions, please feel free to reach out to the League’s Research
Department by email at research@lmc.org or by phone at (651) 281-1200.
Thank you for your attention to this matter and for your continued commitment to
maintaining transparent and compliant election procedures.
Best,
Josie Rosene (she/her) | Staff Attorney
Phone: (651) 281-1205
jrosene@lmc.org
League of Minnesota Cities | 145 University Ave. West | St. Paul, MN 55103
City of Columbia Heights | Administration
590 40th Ave NE, Columbia Heights, MN 55421 ▪ Ph: 763-706-3610 ▪ Fax: 763-706-3601 ▪ www.columbiaheightsmn.gov
MEMORANDUM
To: Charter Commission
From: Kelli Bourgeois, City Manager
Date: April 12, 2023
RE: Recommended Charter Amendments
As you may know, I am leaving my position as city manager for Columbia Heights effective
tomorrow. Before I leave, I wanted to share a couple Charter amendment suggestions I ask that
you consider. I understand both of these items have been considered in the past but given the
changes we have seen in the size and complexity of municipal operations I feel they both
warrant consideration and action at this time. I discussed both these items with the Mayor and
Council at their April Work Session so they are aware I of my recommendations as well.
MAYOR OVERSIGHT OF THE POLICE DEPARTMENT
The first item is amending Sections 10 and 53, removing the Mayor from overseeing the Police
Department and making that a duty of the City Manager. I have the utmost respect for our
current Mayor and the past Mayors I have worked for in Columbia Heights and this is not meant
to be a slight to Mayor Márquez Simula or our previous Mayors. I believe with the complexities
involved in policing in today’s world as well as the fact that most of the duties outlined as the
Mayor’s role in Charter are delegated by Statute or Rule to the Chief Law Enforcement Officer
(the Police Chief), and finally that any decision that impacts the budget must be made by the
full City Council, the Mayor is ineffectual as the overseer of the Police Department.
In addition, given these restrictions on the Mayor’s ability to act as the Charter states, I believe
it puts the Mayor in a potentially contentious and unfair position with the public because the
expectation is that the Mayor has carte blanche to do the will of the public whereas, the
Mayor’s hands may be tied due to the Statutory and budget constraints identified.
I recommend the Charter draft an Ordinance to be adopted by the City Council amending
Sections 10 and 53 of the Charter to read:
Section 10. THE MAYOR. The mayor shall be the presiding officer of the council, and shall
exercise all powers and perform all duties conferred and imposed upon the mayor by this
charter, the ordinances of the city, and the laws of the state. A president pro tempore shall be
chosen who shall serve as president in the mayor’s absence, and who shall, in the mayor’s
absence, exercise all powers and perform all duties conferred and imposed upon the mayor by
this charter, the ordinances of the city and the laws of the state. In the absence of both the
mayor and the president pro tempore, the council member with the most seniority (as
determined by consecutive uninterrupted years of service to date) shall exercise and perform
said powers and duties. The mayor shall have the appointment, control, and direction of all
Charter Commission Mayor Term and Police Oversight Memo
April 12, 2023
Page 2 Page 2
police officers of the city, and shall be recognized as the official head of the city for all
ceremonial purposes, by the courts for the purpose of serving civil processes, and by the
governor for the purposes of the military law. In the event of a vacancy in the office of mayor,
whether by death, resignation, or any other cause, the council shall order a special election to
fill the vacancy for the unexpired term except in the case of a recall, the vacancy shall be filled
in the manner provided by this charter. (Ordinance No. 1389, passed April 26, 1999)
(Ordinance No. 1086, passed June 11, 1984)
Section 53. POWERS AND DUTIES OF THE CITY MANAGER. Subject to the provisions of this
charter and any regulations consistent therewith which may be adopted by council, the city
manager shall control and direct the administration of the city’s affairs, except that the police
department and the enforcement of the laws pertaining to said department shall be under the
sole control of the mayor. The city manager’s duties shall be:
(a) To see that this charter and the laws, ordinances and resolutions of the city are
enforced;
(b) To appoint and, except as herein provided, remove the city clerk, all heads of
departments, and all subordinate officers and employees in the departments, all
appointments to be upon merit and fitness alone;
(c) To exercise control over all departments and divisions of the city administration created
by this charter or which may be hereafter created by the council except as herein
provided;
(d) To attend all meetings of the council, with the right to take part in the discussions but
having no vote; but the council may at its discretion exclude the city manager from
meetings at which the city manager’s removal is considered;
(e) To recommend to the council for adoption such measures as the city manager may
deem necessary for the welfare of the people and the efficient administration of the
city’s affairs;
(f) To keep the council fully advised as to the financial condition and needs of the city, and
to prepare and to submit to the council the annual budget;
(g) To prepare and to submit to the council for adoption an administrative code
incorporating the details of administrative procedures, and from time to time to suggest
amendments to the same; and
(h) To perform such other duties as may be prescribed by this charter or required of the city
manager by ordinances or resolutions adopted by the council. (Ordinance No. 1086,
passed June 11, 1984)
MAYOR TERM OF OFFICE
The second item I’d like to ask you to consider is amending the Charter to change the mayoral
term from two years to four years. Currently, the four councilmember terms are staggered 4
year terms with two seats open each election, and the mayor term is a 2 year term that is open
at each election. It would make sense to change the mayor term to a four year term to 1) make
it consistent with the other councilmember terms, and 2) to make the position more effective
and reduce staff time needed to onboard a new mayor. Again, this is not meant to disparage
our current or former mayors at all.
Charter Commission Mayor Term and Police Oversight Memo
April 12, 2023
Page 3 Page 3
Columbia Heights operates as a weak mayor form of government whereby the Mayor has no
more power than any other Councilmember when it comes to votes and actions of the city
council. However, the Mayor does have administrative, ceremonial, and procedural duties the
other Councilmembers don’t have. I would estimate generally it takes a new Mayor a full year
to learn their roles and functions and to hit a rhythm with staff. Currently, with a two year term
that only leaves one year of the term for the Mayor and staff to work highly efficiently and
effectively together. Then add in having to campaign for another election less than one year
later it is a lot to ask of a part time elected official.
Staff feels changing the mayoral term to a four year term would be beneficial to staff, the
community and to the person serving as Mayor. It provides continuity, efficiency, and stability
that can be lost when Mayors change over every two years. With that, I recommend the
Charter draft an Ordinance to be adopted by the City Council amending Section 7 of the Charter
to read as follows:
Section 7. ELECTIVE OFFICES. The council shall be composed of a mayor and four council
members who shall be qualified electors, and who shall be elected at large in the manner
hereinafter provided. The four council members shall serve for a term of four years and until
their successors are elected and qualified. The Mayor shall serve for a term of two four years
and until a successor is elected and qualified. The council shall be judge of the election of the
mayor and council members. (Ordinance No. 1466, passed December 15, 2003) (Ordinance
No. 1300, passed April 10, 1995)
A note on the adoption and implementation of these charter amendments should they move
forward. The mayoral oversight of the police department can be adopted by the Council via the
standard Ordinance process and this would be effective following publication in the newspaper:
• Initial charter action to make the amendment;
• A second motion by Charter Commission to amend the charter;
• City Council first reading of an Ordinance amending the Charter;
• If the first reading is approved by a 5/0 vote, then a second reading of the Ordinance;
• If the second reading is approved by a 5/0 vote, then the ordinance is published in the
newspaper and effective 30 days after publication.
Per State Statute, changing the mayoral term from two to four years requires a different
implementation timeline. The general Ordinance review process is the same as above however
the ordinance doesn’t become effective until the next election which would be held in 2024 for
the mayoral term beginning in 2025. Therefore, the current Mayoral term would remain two
years and expire the end of 2024.
Thank you for taking the time to consider my recommendations. Although I won’t be on staff in
Columbia Heights when the Charter Commission discusses these recommendations, I would be
happy to discuss my thoughts with you at any time. Otherwise, I wish you the best and
appreciate the time and effort you all put into making Columbia Heights the wonderful city it is!