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HomeMy WebLinkAboutJul 28, 1922 (2) AN ORD INA~TCE. <~t~. /, ) JJe~lk~til~ the ins%Jllatio~, opec%ion and ~in%enance eleo%~iO wt~es, A~aza~us and Pl~s HeiSts. ~ .Council ~f t~e City The City/~f Celtic HeiSts do ordain as fell~ws:- Sec. 1. The insp~Jetor' of Buildings and his assistants auth~ized as electrical inspectors, are hsreby auth~ized empowered and directed to regulate, dete~ine and have general supervision over all electric~ apparatus and ~chine~, and the stringing,placing and attaching of electric li~t and powez, telephone, telegraph and all other electric wires of anyother nature w~tsoeve~, now or hereafter placed, in or in any m~ner directly attached to any buildi~, Or any tent or similar struct~e in the ~City of Col~bia Heights, and to inspect and to'reinspect all such electrical app~atus, machine~ wires w~ch they consider to be of sufficient i~ort~ce or ~zard to require such inspection, ~~~, so to prevent fires, accidents or injuries to persons or property, and to cause all such electrical appartus, machine~ and wire~ ~ be se const~cted, placed, supported and guarded as ~ot 'to cause fire or acci~m~ or end.get life or property; and any and all such ~letrcial apparatus, ~c~hine~ ~d wires, now existing or her~e~ter const~ated and placed shall be subject to much inspection and sup ervi s i~ne z The~ ~lec~ical Inspectors, one of whom shall be desi~at~ b~ ~e in~ ......... g-as chief electr, ical inspector, s~l be subject to the order ~-~-~nd direction o£ the inspector of buildings, and are hereby vested with full authority to enter any buildings or premises of any kind in the discharge of their duties, and to pass upon and decide any question arising under the provisions of this ordinance relative to the manner oft constrmution or m~terials and devices to .be used in the erection, alSeration or repair of any electrical apparatus, machinery, Wires or material. ~ Sec. $ WIRES NOT TO BE 'CONC~ED BEFORE INSPECTION Paragraph A. No so called concealed wiring for which a permit is issued ~or required shall be lathed ever or in any manner concealed from sight' until inspected and acc[~pted by the inspectors. Paragraph B. Any person having charge of the construction, alteration or repair of any building, or anyother person, who covers or conceals, or .cauls to be covered or concealed, any wiring for which a permit has been issmed or required, before the said wiring has been inspected and appr~ved~ without having officially notified the electrical inspec- tors-~t least(AS) forty eight hours previ~sly, shall be subject to the penaltY provided in section Six ~6) for violation of this Ordinance '201' Sec. 4 PEN~LTY FOR CUTTING 0H DISTURBING ELECTRIC WIRES,etc. Any person, except the duly authorized electrical inspectors, who. shall cut, disturb, ~lter or change, or cause to be cut, disturb, a,lterred or changed, ~ny electrical wires, cut oUt, fuse, appara~tus, ~chi~y or m~teri~l in such a ~nher as to render the same inopera- tive, defective or not in accordance with the provisions of this ordinance, shall be subject to the penality provided in sJction (~) six for violation of-this ordinance. Sec. ~. D~ECTI~ ~P~TUS ~D ~T~. Par~grapgh A ~y ~d ~l dynamos, motor~, ~wires or other ~chinery, apparatus, or m~terial used for electrical purpose which may at any ti~ become so defective a~ to be likely, i~n the opinion of the inspector, to cause fires o~ accidents or to endanger persons or property, s~ll be cond~ed by the inspector, and upon such cendeE~ tion the person or persons owning or usi~ the ssme shalI ~i~ediately cause the same to be put into a ~safe condition. Paragrap~ B. In case of any person or of persons owing or using any electric wires, dynamos, motol's, or anyother electrical apparatus, or material of anyother nature whatsoever, which have been condemned by the inspector shall fail to have the same put into safe condition~ and ~~ee~ by the inspector, within (48) forty eight hours ~fter the ss~ne have been condemned, or within such other reasonable length of~ time as shall be prescribed by the inspector, then it shall be the dutyCUt o~t esa~w~ e.~nsp ec~r°r b Ot~oerremov~mean c ~ l~s~/e dio~C~ tto be disconnected the condemned wires, app~ratus~ or materi~l from tShe source of elec- tric~l energy. Paragraph. C. And when any electric wires, ~JSynamos,. motors or electric' al appa~atus~ or mater~A1 of auy nature whatsoever have been in any manner ~liscoDnected ~nd renderred inoperative by the inspector, as set %orth in the foregoing p~-ovisions, it shall be unl~v~ful for any person or persons to in any manner reconnect the same or cause the same to be reconnected ~to any source of electrical energy, or to use the same as a part of any electrical system, until they have been put~ in ss~fe condition and a certificate of acceptance ha~ been issued by the inspector. Sec. 6,· PENALITIF~0R VIOLATION OF THE ORDINANCE. Any person or persons who shall violate any provisions of this ordinance or who shall' fail to comply with any oi~ is requirements, shal~ be subject, upon conviction thereof, to a fine of'not less than $10.00, Ten DolLars, nor more than ($100.) One hundred dollars, for each offense~ and amy be imprisoned~Until~ such fine is paid, not exceeding 90 days(ninety days). 203 Each and every day's continuance of any violation of the provisions of this ordinance shall be and be deemed a separate offense. Sec. 7 METERS. Meter Loops and meters sh~ll not be located in clothes ~losets~ bedrooms, bathrooms, attics or in rooms where the Visits of the meter readers and testers would inconvenience the occupant, unless no other location is'available. MATERIALS AND FITTINGS. SEC. 8. ~- All m~terials and devices used for electrical purposes under ~he provisions of this ordinance must~be specified in the -- "List of Approved Electrical Fittings", publi'shed by the'National Board of Fire UnderwriterS, and kept on file in the ~, cfi'ice of the City Electrical InSpector. In the event of proposed or intended use not of meterials, devices and methods of installatioH/~pecifically covered by this ordinance, it shall be the duty of the electrical contracto: to secure permission from the electrical inspectorSto use such materials, devices and methods, b~fore so doing. Sec. 9 ARMORED CABLES. Parag:aph A. Armored cables will be approved for open wires; but not for concealed wiring, except in old buildings for fish work, and in all buildings in places where rigid or flexible conduits is imprac- ti cable.~ Paragraph B. Must be continous from outlet~ to outlet or to junc.tion boxes and cabinets and the arnor of the cables must properly enter and be. secured to all fittings, a~ithe entire system must be mechanic- ally secured in position. 204 · Paragraph C. ~ust~be equipped at every outlet with an appr0.~ed' outlet box or plate, as required in conduit work. 'Paragraph D. Must have 2 or more conductors of the circuit in one metal ~ armor. Sec. 10 Batteries, Storage and Primary; Paragraph (a) When currant for light and power is taken from primary or secondary batteries, the smae general regulations must be observed as apply ":rom similar apparatus fed from dynamo generators developing the same difference ofpptential. (b)storage battery rooms must be thoroughly ventilated. All secodary batteries must be mounted on non-absorbptive, non- 'combustible insulators, such as gl~ss or thoroughly vittirfied and glazed porcelain, Secti__..._2~n ~.~.. Approved bushings will be required in all places where wires pass thzcough obstructions. (b) In ordinary conmtruction, with knob and tube work, porcelain tubes will be accepted for protecting ~vires through walls, ect. if of sufficient length to pass through and extend at least one-halfl/2~ beyond the obstruction. (c) In perfectly dry places non-metalllic flexible tubing may be used as a substitute ~wx~xx~ for the pordelain tubes, in which case the tubing must extend conti~nously from the last porcerlain support on one sids to the first porcela~u support ~ beyond. (D) Non I~ettallic flexible tubing must be used i~q knob and tube con-~ struction for outlets. (E) Apl~rOved bushings must be used for cords in sockets and outlet box C overs. (F) Approved bushings mu~t be used where conductors enter boxes, cabinets and conduit fittings~ CABIh~ETS. Section 12. (A) Must be substantially constructed of non-combustible, non-~bsorbtive material,such as sheet steel or other similar material. (B) The Minnimum thickness of sheet steel used for such cabinets shall be I~o. 16 ¥. S. gauge. doorS'to clos~ with steLtches fully open, and to provide ample clear- anco for current carrying parts of the fuse-blocks and switches contained. (C) Doors must ~e provided with strong hinges ~and catches, and should b be fitted so asto render the cabinet dust proof. 13 CAIlRYING CAPACITY 0F WIR~,8. The following table showing the allowable car~ying capacity of ~ copper wires and cables of 98 ~ninety ~ight) per centgonduct- ivity, according to the standard adopte& by the American Institute of El%ctrical ~nginee~s, must be followed ~n placing interior conductors~ ~ Di~tor of Area in Table A.. ~ Table B. Table C. Gauge,SolidWires,Circular,Rubber in ~arnished Other insulation 18 40. ~ 16 50.8 12 ~ 80.8 10 101. g 8 1:~8; 5 6 16 2.0 5 18~. g A 204.3 3 229.4 2 257.6 1 289.3 0 325.0 00 364.8 000 409.6 o0oo 46 o. o in mills, Mills, sulation Amperes. 1624 ~ 2583 6 4107 15 18 6530 ~ 20 25 10380 25 30 16510 35 40 2~250 5O 6O 331OO ~55 65 41740 70 85 52~30 8O 95 66370 go 110 8~g0 100 120 105500 125 150 133100 150 180 167800 175 210 z~O~O0 2~0 m4o 211600 225 270 250000 250 300 300000 275 350 350000 300 3~0 400000 ~25 390 500000 400 480 600000 450 540 700000 500 600 800000 550 ~ 660 900000 600 720 1e~0980 650 ~ 780 1100000 690 830 1200000 730. 880 1~00000 770 920 1400000 810 970 1500000 850 1020 1609000 890 1GTO 1700000 930 1120 1800000 970 1160 1900000 ,1010 1210 2000000 1050 1~0 insu!at i onAmperes, (01ot~) Amperes 10 20' 25 50 5O 7O 80. 90 100 125 150 2OO 225 275 300. 325 35O 400 450 5O0 6O0 68O 76O 84O 92O 1000 1080 1150 1220 1290 ~ 1560 14~0 1490 1550 1610 16 70 ~ One mill 0.001 inch .. ~Fe ction 14 DECORATIVE LIGHTING SYSTEM. Special permission may be given in writing by the electrical inspectors for the temporary installation of approved systems of decorative lighting, provided the difference of potential between the wires of any circut shall be not over 150, one hundred and fifty, volts, and also provided that no group of lamps requiring more than (1000) one thousand watts shall be dependent upon one cut out. ~ww Sec. 15 Electric Heating Devices. (a) Each element of 1000 wats, $r over, n~Ast be separs, tely fused, and no group of elements ~on the same branch fuse must total over 1000 z watts. (b) Switches and pilot lights must be used with non-indicating portab,l le heating appliances, unless such appliances are connected to recept- acles of the pull out type. (c) Heating~devices must never be concealed, but must at all times be ~in plain sight unless properly protected and ventilated. ~d) Flexible Conductors for all ~heating devices requiring over 250 ~_~_~ watts must have approve~l abestos covering~ ~ (e) For portable heating devices, the flexible conductors must be con~ nected to' an approved plug device, so arranged that the plug will pull out and open the c ircut in case an abnormal strain is put on the flexible conductor. This device ~a~y be stationery, or it may' be placed in the cord itself. T.he cable~ or cord must be attached to the heating apparatus in such manner that it will be protected from kinking chafing, or like injury at or near the point of connections. (f) Smoothing irons, ss.d irons, and other heating appliances that are intended to be applied to inflamable articles, such as cloth~ing, must conform to the above rules so far as they apply. They must~ also be provided with and approved stand, on which they should be pl~aced when not £n use. (g~ Stationery electric heating apparatus, such as radiators, ranges plate warmers, etc. must be placed in a s~-fe location, isolated from Anflamable material, and be treeated as sources of heat. Electrical heatin;~evices m~st be provided with name pla~e, ~iving the maker's name and the no_~m~l capacity in voIts and amperes. Sec. 16 Fixtures. (~) Fixtures must have all burrs and fins removed before the conduc- tots are dr~'wn in. (b) Fixtures must be free from short circuts or contacts between same and conductors and must be tested before being connected to supply conductors. (c)All fixture arms made of tubing smaller than 1/2" one half inch outside dis_mater, also the arms of all one-light bracketts, must be secured after they are screwed into position by use of a set screw properly placed, or by soldering or cementing or some equally good method to prevent the arms from becoming screwed. Arms must not be ~aade of tubing lighter than #18 Brown & Sharpe gauge,and must have at screw joints not less than(5)five threads all engaging. (D) Conductors in fixtures must not be less than No. 18 B & S gauage. E & ~, ~(No~ng under these paragraphs) G Fixture Conductors must not be spliced except ~here taps are made, and must be flexible cord~ in chain and adjustable fixtures. H. Under no circumstances must there be a difference of potential of more than ~00 volt~s between wires contained in or mttached to the fixtures. Se~. l? Flexible Cords. A Flexible cord must not be run on walls and ceilings. Provided, however, that with pendant Switches, portable cord may be rt~n on ceilings, if on knobs, a distance of not toot exceed 1S inches, in which case the cord itself must be supported from an approved tie- button. B Flexible cords must not be used in show windows, except in fix- tures, but approved portable cord may be used for pbrt~ble appliances. C Nust $.ot be used as a support for clusters~ nor for any device which weights more than 2 pounds, unless cords of a~ldi~ional capacity or strength be used, and when an approved supporting device is employed. D Must not be used where the difference of potential between the two wires exceeds ~00 volts. This rule does not apply to the greundmd circuts in street Railway property. E When the lamp or other device is subject to being m~v~ed about, ordinary pendant cord~ will n~t be accepted, and approved portable cord cord must be used. l~p 2 Special cords approved for us in laces and for heating devices, will be required. Sec. 1S Fuses, Par. A. All fuses must be enclosed in approved cut-out$ cabinets or fire proof enclosures, l~re~ided, however, that enclosed fuses may be used on switch boards which are properly loaated as provided under regulations for switch boards. D, Open length fuses will not be permitted. C. All fuses and fuse blocks must be so pl~aced that sufficient spacing will be allowed as provided under sec. ~4. D. Fuses must be placed on all under- grounded service wires at the nearest suitable place to where the w wires ente~ the building, w,. Fuses mast not be placed in any grounded neutral except brancl~ circut wireg. ~.Must be placed at the nearest acces@ible poiSt where a change is made in the size of the wire, unless the cut out in ~he larger wire will protect the smaller. G. No main or br~nch fuse block of capacity less than ~0 amperes will be accepted. H. The branch fuses for 1000 wats lighting or power circuts must no~be larger than~ ~, six, amperes ~or (2§0) two hundred and fifty, volts, and ten, (10) amperes for (12~)' one hundred~twenty five, volts. X.~J~ust be~ so placed that no set of · incandescent lamps requiring more than (1555) &ne thousand wats, whethmr grouped on one fixture or on several fixtures, or pendants, will be dependent upon one cut-out. ~. The above rule shall' also apply to motors when more than one is dependent upon a single cut out. K. Ail branches or 'taps~ from a thr~e wi~e Edison sysstem mus~ be run as two' wire 'circuts. L. Not more than 1000 wats or more then 18 sockets shall be permittted on each branch circut of more than one ligh~, motor or other device. Sec. No. 1~. PUBLIC GAP~AGES. For the purpose of this' rule a public garage i$ considered as that building or portion of a lm~ilding in which ~ (three) or more self propelled vehi~cles~ carrying vola~X~e inflamable liquid for fuel or power are kept fpr use, sale, storage, rental, repai~, exhibition or demonstration purposes; and all that portion of the building that is on or below the floor or floors on which such vehicles are kept which is not separated therefrom by tight unpierced fire walls and fire resisting floors. In addition to the general requirements of this ordinance, the following rules shall apply; 20-7 (H) Motors Or dynamos not actually a part of a vehicle~ if not located at least A feet above the fl&or must be of the fully enclosed type, Motors located $ feet or,mcr? above the flo~r, if not of the fully, enclosed type must be provided wi~h wire screen of not less than No. lA mesh ~er openings at co~utator end. G~TORS. Sec. 20/ (a) Must be located in a d~ place. It is reeo~ende~ t~t ~ter-proef covers be provided, ~ich m~y be used in case ef emergency. (b) ~ust never Be placed in a room ~ere any hmza~o~ p~cess is c~rried on, no~ in place~ ~ere they ~uld bec~me e~sed to infla~ble gases or .flyings of combustible ~terials. (e) Ge~e~tors must ~v'e their f~s properly grounded. (~) Constant ~tential g~e~t~re, except alte~ating current ~inee ~and their exciters, must be protected f~m excessive current By :safety fuses or equivalent devices of approved design. ~er t~-~re, direct-current genera~ora, single ~le protection will be consider~ 'as satisfying ~e above ~le, provided the safety device is located in the lead not con- nected to the series ~nding. ~en sullying three-~re systems, the gene~tor should be so arranged t~t those protective devices. ~11 cede in the outside leads. For three-~re, direct current gene~tors, a safety device must be placed in ~ch a~ature, direct-current lead, or a double ~le, double trip circuit breaker in each outside generat~r l~d and corresponding equalizer connection. ~ere the needs of the se~ice ~ke th~ above requirements imp~cticable, the ~ectrical In- spectors, ~y, in ~iting, modify the~. (e) Must each Be provided ~th a n~e plate,, giving the ~ker's n~e, the capacity in v, lts and ~peres, and the noel speed in revolutions per ~lnute. (f) A competent m ~st Be kept on duty ~ere generators are operating. GR0~S ~ Section 21. (a) ~e ~ring in ~y building muw~ test free f~m grounds; I.e., the o~nplete installation must have an insulation between conductors and between ~11 conductors and the ground (not including at~c~ent8, 209. 210 ' sockets, receptacles, etc.) not less than that given as follows:- tot % amperes, 4.,000,000 ~ms. # 10 # 2, ~000 ~000 " 25 " ~00; 000 " " ~0 " 4.00,000 ,r ' 100 " 200,q00 " " 200 " 100,000 " 4.00 " 5'0,000 " " 800 " 2%,000 " " !,600 # 12, %00 The test must be made with all cutouts and safety devices in place. If the lamp sockets, receptacles, electro[iers, etc., are also connected, only one-half of the 'resistance~specified in the table will be required. (b) For signal systems the ground wire of the protective ~evice shall be run in accordance with the following requirements: f!Shall be-of 'copper not smaller than .Wo.18B. and S.Gauge. Must have an approved insulating covering as described for volZag~s ~from 0 to 600, except that the preservative compound specified may be omitted. (3) Must run in as straight a line as possible to a ,good permanent ground. This may be obtained by connecting to a water or 'gas pipe connected to the street mai'ns or to a ground rod or pipe driven in permanently damp earth. When connections are .~_de to pipes, preference shall be given to water pipes. If attachment is made to gas pipe, the connen-' tion in all cases must be made between the meter and the street main. In every case the connection shall be made as near as possible to the earth. When the ground wire is attached to water or gas pipes, these pipes shall be thoroughly cleaned and tinned with rosin flux solder, if such a method is practicable; the ground wire shall then be wrapped tightly .around the pipe and thoroughly soldered to it. ,~hen the above method is impracticable, then if there are fittings-where a' brass pl'ug can be inserted, the ground wire shall be thoroughly soldered to it; if there are so such fittings, then the pipe shall be thoroughly cleaned and an approved ground clamp 'fastened to an ex- posed portion of the pipe and the ground, wire well soldered to the ground clamp.' ~nen the ground wire is attached to a groun~d rod driven into the earth, the ground wire shall be soldered to the rod in a similar manner. Ground conductors for conduit must be at least equivalent to ~o. 10 B. and S. Gauge copper wire where the largest wire in the conduit system is not greater than ~o. 0 B.and S. Gauge, and need not be larger than :Ro. 4. l~. and S. Gauge where the largest wire in 'the conduit system is greater than ~o. 0 B. and 8.. Gauge. (d) (d) In 'general, all ground wires, specified in paragraph (d) Shall be rubber'covered and run on insulating supports or pretested in an approved w~nner. (e) Tn single phase systems, where conduit is used, the neutral must be grounded on the line side of the entrance switch to the conduit or other ground by a conductor of equal siz~ to the conduit ground wi-re. Sectio~ 22. Stranded wires (, except in flexible cords) must be soldered before being fastened under clamps or binding screws, and whether stranded or solid, when they have a conductivity greater than that of No. 8 B ahd S. Gauge, they may be soldered into lugs for all 'terminal' connections, except where an approved solderless terminal connector is used. Section 23. (a) The use of motors operating at.a potential ef over 600 volts will'be approved only when every practical safeguard haz been provided. Plane and specifications for installing high tension systems (Over 600 volts) must be submitted to and approved by the ~le~trical Inspector before the work is commenced, lb) lfust have ne exposed live parts, unless properly guarded, and,. when stationary, have 'their frames permanently and effectively grounded. (c) The motor leads or branch circuits must be designed to carry a current at least twenty-five (2%) per cent greater than that for which the motor is rated, in order to provide for the inevitable occasional overloading of the motor and the increased current required in starting, without overfusing the wires; but where the wires under this rule would be overfus~d, in order to provide fox-the starting current, as in the case of many of the alternating current motors,. the wires must be of such size as to be properly protected by these larger fuses. (d) The following table is provided for the conven- ience of the contractQ~ in figuring wire sizes for motors. 21-1 Deviation from the same can be m~de only by ,written consent of. the Electrical Tnspector. Tn using this table for figuring size of any main or sub-feeder to a group of motors, add the starting qurrent of the :~,tor which requires the greatest starting current to the running current of the balance of the motors on the feeder or-sub-feeder in question. (e) Column "A' gives full load current. Col,,wm #B# gives the size of the wire that must be used for squirrel-cage motors with compensators or star-delta connection, from the feeders to the Funning fuses. Column "O# gives the size of wire that must be used from the running fuses to the motor. Col--m "D# gives the size of the wire that must be used for squirrel-cage motors without .compensators. Wires having a carrying capacity of one hundred fifty per cent (1%0%) of ¢olu~ "A# may be used for slip-ring and repulsion motors, or for any motor leads protected by approved time limit devices. AL T]~RNAT lq~G CURP~ Single Phase 220 Volts. Wire from Switch to Amp.100% Running Fuses Full Load Wire from Running Fuses to Motor .Load) , C. l, 14 ' 6' 14 14 11. ~ 10 l& 16. 8 12 22. 6 10 26. 8 Repulsion (1 0% Full Load) 14 14 14 12 10 8 Three Phase 2300 Volts Full Load Phase WO u~d .. 10 10 10 10 8 Three Phase 2'20 Volts 2.13 H.P. Amp. 100% Size Wire Wire Fuses Full Load ]3 'and S. to ~otor Sq. Cage 12~% Full ~Xotor with Load comp 25o Full Load 10 30 Size Wire ]3. and S. Sq. Cage Mo to r With- out Comp.. Load D. 14 '10 Load , E~. .... 14 14 12 10 3 1 0 2-0 2-0 3-0 Three Phase 440 Volts 12 12 10 (f) High Potential motors should 'preferably be so located that the a~ount of inside wiring will be reduced to a minimum. (g) The line aero, ice for high tension systems within buildings must be pro- main fuses and circuit breaker provided with both overload aN no voltage release. (h) The overload coils or transformers must be on the line side of the c~rcuit breaker, and all meter connections must be made on the load side of the circuit breaker. (i) '~ach motor and resistance box must be protected by a' cutout and' controlled by a 2i4. switch, said switch plainly indicating whether 'on' or #off'. l~ith motors of one-fourth (1/4) horsepower or less, on circuits where' the voltage does not exceed three hundred (300), single pole switches may be used: The switch and rheostat must be located within sight of the motor, except in cases where special permission to locate them elsewhere is given, in writing, by the Electrical Inspector. (J) The use of circuit breakers with motors is recommended and may be re- quired by the Electrical Inspector. (k) Inverse time-limit devices must be protected by fuses of a capacity not greater than three times the allowable carrying capacity of the conductors protected by said inverse time-limit devices. (1) Startin-rheostats, and auto*starters, unless equipped with tight casings enclosing all current carrying parts, should be treated ~e~ the same as knife switches, and in all wet, dusty or linty places, should be enclosed in dust-tight, fire- proof cabinets. Yf a special motor room is provided, tl~e starting apparatus and safety devices should be included within i~. (m) Ail alternating current squirrel-cage motors whose normal capacity is more than five (%) horsepower must be provided with approved compen- sator or equivalent device to reduce the excessive starting current required; and direct-current motors of one (1) horsepower capacity, and larger, must have starting boxes. (n) Motors of one (1) horse- power or more capacity must be so wired that, in the running position ~T the starting switch, fuses or similar automatic circuit-breaker will be inserted in the motor leads. These running fuses must not be larger than to provide for a twenty-five (2%) per cent overload, unless wired for greater capacity; but in no case m, ust these fuses be larger than to provide for a fifty (%0) per cent overload. The insertion of the running fuse may be accomplished by the use of a double-throw switch or similar device, in which case means whereby it would be impossible to leave such switch in the starting position will be required. Provided, however, that these additional x-Jnning ffuses will not be required in the case ef direct current ~ter~, nor of alter~ating-current motors of the repulsion and phase-wound type, {o) '~t each ~e provided ~th a n~e:plate, ~v~n~ the ~ker~s ~e ' the noel ~c~ty ~n volts and ~peres and the noel speed ~n revolutions per minute. Sectiez 2~. ~e use of ~oden ~di~gs s~ll not be pe~itted. Approved metal mouldings ~y be used only by special pemissien, in ~iting, f~m the ~ectrical lnsPeeterS~ and ~en used must be in- atall~ under the following reg~ations~ (a) ~ust be continuous from outlet to outlet, to J~tion boxes, er app~ved fittings deeign~ especially for use with"metal moldings, and must at all outlets be p~vided with approved te~i~l, fittings which'will p~tect the insulation of conductors from ab~sion, such protection is afforded by ~e construction of the boxes or fittings. (b) Such ~ulding, ~ere ~ssing throu~ a ~oor, must be carried th~.~ an iron pipe extending'f~m the ceiling below-a poi~ five( feet above the floor, ~ich ~11 se~e as an additional mec~nical p~tectien and exclude the presence of moisture often prevalent in such locations. (c) Backing must be gecur~ in ~sition by acre~ or bolts, the heads of which must be flush with 2he metal. (d) The metal of the molding must be pe~nently and effectively g~ded, and must be so install~ t~t adjacent lengths of moulding will be mechanically and electrically e.ecur~ at all points. (e) ~at be installed se the t~ or ~re wires of a circuit ~11 be in ~e s~e metal moulding. (f) Ail ~res installed in such ~ulding must ~ve an app~ved rubber instating covering, ~nd~must be in Continuous lengths f~m outlet te outlet, or f~m fitting to fitting, nO Joi~ts or taps to be ~de ~thin any such molding. ~ere b~nch taps are-necessary, in moulding 'app~ved fittings for this pu~oee must be used. (g) '~etal moulding ~st not b~ us~ far eir~ite r~uiring ~re. ~n 1,00~ ~tta.ef enemy, 215. *~'~Vnor where the difference of potential Between any two wires in the sa~e moulding is more than three hundred (300) volts. Section 2~. (a).Any arc lamp used as a part of a moving picture ~ch~ne or thereopticon must Be constructed similar to arc l~ps off theaters, and wiring of s~e must not be off less capacity t~n No. 6 B. and S. ~uge. (B) ~eos~ts must confform to rheostat requir~ents for theater arcs. (cj ~chines must be operated by ~nd, and motor drive ~11 not ~itted. P~vided, however, t~t the ~ectrical Znspectors, ~y, at their discretion, ~e~it motor drive in the case of special ~chines a t~e e~ressly and pro~erly.deeigned flor such ope~tion, wh&n charge off a skill~ ope~tor. (d) Any moving picture ~chine, now or he~ffter installed, must Be ~laced in an enclosure or Booth ~de suitable fireproof ~terial, Be thoroughly ventilated and large enough for ope~tor to ~lk freely on either side, or back of, ~chine. All openings into this booth must be arranged so as to be entirly closed By ~cors or shutters eonstructed off the same or eq~lly good fire- resisting mterial as the booth itself. Doors or covers must be ar~nged so ae to Be held noilly closed by spring hinges or equiv- alent devices. (e) 8rooking in this enclosure is positively prohibited. Section 26. D~finition: ~nsofmr as these ~es and requir~ents are conce~, the te~ "moving picture theater", shall mean a building~or portion of a building in which it is designed to give ~tion picture e~ibitions ~o ~ich the Publi~ are admitted for a fee, or other~se, and ~ich involve the use of a moving picture ~chine or device for eho~ng such pictures through a film. Ail electric wiring and equi~ merit in moving picture theaters s~ll be installed in accordance with the following requirements: (a) Ail pe~nent electric wiring must be done in ~ved conduit. P~vided, however, t~t a~ored cables, metal mouldings, or other approved special construction, ~y be used by special pe~is~ion of the ~ectrical Inspectors. :217 5eotion 27. (a) Ail receptacles used in ~flush work must Be placed in metal enclosures as provided for flush switches. (b) Ordinarily, receptacles for floor work must be enclosed in approvSd water-tight Boxes. However, in residences, the encIOsing box need not be water- tight when placed in hardwood floors and not subject to wash-water. It is always desirable to place such receptacles in walls and base- boards, to prevent admis.ion of moisture as well as dirt and metallic substances, l~or large capacity receptacles see rules 'for theaters. (c) Ail receptacles or sockets, which are to be used for portable applia~ee~ and devices must mot be of the screw type. /R]~SISTANCE BOXES' AI~D ,RILEOSTATS: ...... Section 28. (a) ]~ust Be pl&'c~d ena swttch~oard, or if not th'croon,' at a distance of at least one (1) foot fr~m COmbustible material, or separated therefrom By a non-combustible material such as asbestos, elate or marble; and in all cases they must Be r~gidly:..'secured in place. If resistance devices are installed in rooms where dust or combustible flyings would be liable to accumulate on them, the~ should be equipped with a dust-p~oof face-plate. (b)' Wherever insulated wire is used for connection between resistances and the contact'plate of a rheostat, the insulation'must be slow burning. Section 29. (a) Fused rosettes will not be approved. (b) Rosettes, wall sockets and receptacles must have no exposed~live terminals. Section 30. (a) By show'window is meant an enclosure or space on the inside of windows which is ~r could Be used for the display of merchan- dise. (b) Ordinary pendant cords will not be approved in show windows, as provided in Sec. 17 B. (c) All wiring in show windows must be done in iron conduit, armored cable or approved metal moulding. 2i8 Section 31. (a) All signs outside of building, or otherwise exposed to dampness must be constructed in such manner as to be waterproof, and all wirings, sockets and other fittings for same must comply with requirements for damp places. (b) Electric signs must be constructed entirely of metal, glass, porcelain or other non-combustible material; except that wood letters and metal clad wood moulding may be used on the exterior of such signs when placed at least two inches from the electric lamps, provided, 'however, that the width of such metal clad woo~i mouldinj or of the wood forming such permissable wood letters shall at no point exceed two (2) inches. (c) Sheet metal used i.,n constructio~ of electric signs mu. st not be less than l~o. 28 U. S. metal gauge. Ail metal must be galvanized, enameled or treated .with at least three (B) coats of anti-corrosive paint or compound. (d) Bottoms of signs for outdoor use, or otherwise exposed to dampness, must have sufficien, t draifl' holes at least one-quarter (1/4) inch in diameter. (e) In no sign shall more than 1,000 watts be dependent upon th.e final cutout. Section 32. (a) Signaling systems governing wiring for telephone, telegraph (except radio signaling apparatus), district messenger and call-bell circuits, fire and burglar alarms, and all similar systems which are hazardous only because of their liability to become crossed with electric light, heat or Power circuits. (b) Wires on the outside walls of buildings must not come nearer than four inches to electric light or power wires, except when in conduit, unless separa, ted there- from by a continuous and firmly-fixed non.-conductor, to maintain permanent separation; this non-conductor to be in addition to the. regular insulation on the wires. (o) Metal sheathed aerial cables which are liable to contact with electric light or power wires shall have the sheath interrupted close to the entrance to the building by 2i9 means cf an insulating ~oint or equivalent means. (d) ~ne gro~{ wire of the protective device shall be run in acco~lance with requirement{ 8hall be mounted on non-oombu~tible, non-absorptive insulating bases¥ so designed that .when protector is in place all parts which ~ay be alive will be' thoroughly insulated from the surface on ~hich the protector is mounted, Shall have the folliwng 'parts., An arrestor between each line wire and ground. A fuse in each line wire. (f) The .following rules apply to all systems, whether the wires from the central office to the building are overhead or underground. Wires beyond the pro'tector, or wires inside buildings where no protector is used, must be neatly arranged and securely fastened in place in some convenient, workmanlike manner. They. must not come nearer than two inches to any Yelectric light or power wire in the building, except when in conduit, unless separated therefrom by-some continuous and fir~. y fixed non-conductor, creating a permanent separation; this non- conductor to be in addition-to the regular insulation on the wire. (g) Wires where bunched together in a vertical run within any build- ing mUSt have a fire-resistive.covering sufficient to prevent the wires from carrying fire from floor to floor unless they are run either in non-combustible tubing or in a fire-proof shaft, which shaft must be pr. ovided with fire stops, at each floor. Signaling wires and-electric light or power wires may run in the same shaft, provided that one of these classes of wi, res is run in non-combustible tubing, er provided that when run otherwise these two classes of wires shall be separated from each other by at least two inches. ~n no case shall signaling wires be run in the same tube with electric light or power wires. {h) Transformers or other devices for supplying current to signaling systems from l~ht, heat or power circuits must be of a design 220 expressly approved for this purpose. The primary wiring must be in- stalled in accordance with the rules for light wiring and the se wiring in accordance with rules for signal wiring. PAD ~,,0 .$ !.~I~A~LZ~G APPA. RATUS~' (i) All wiring pertaining to radio signaling apparatus must sonform to the requirements of this ordinance and must in addition comply with the following specifications: (J) When the aerial is parallel to other wires the distance between aerial and such wires should not be less than 1/2 the length of the aerial. (k) Aerial conductors must be installed and constructed to prevent accidental contact with con- ductors carrying a current of over 600 volts. Aerial supports must be constructed and installed in a strong and durable manner. Aerial conductors and wire. leading from same to ground switch must be mounted firmly on approved insulating supports which m~y consist of wood ( not iron) pins or brackets equipped with porcelain knobs of approv, ed design or petticoat insulators. Insulators must be so installed as to maintain, the conductors at least five (%) inches clear of the surface of the building wall. In passing the aerial conductor through the side of the building a continuous tube or bushing must be used. The bu~shing or tube must be composed of approved insulating material and must extend five (%) inches beyond the 'surface of ,the wall on both sides. Porcelain tubes will not be approved. The ground switch shall be mounted so that its current carrying parts will be at least five (~) inches clear of the building wall and located preferably in the most direct line between the aerial and the point of ground connection. The conductor from ground switch to ground connection must be securely supported. (1) Aerial conductors must be effectively and permanently grounded at all times when station is not in operation, by a con- ductor, the periphery of the .cross-section of which is not less than thre. e-quarters of an inch. The ground conductor must be of copper or a~k~a~ other metal which will not corrode excessively under existing conditions. 221 (m) Motors, transformers, generate.rs, etc.., must have their frames efffectually grounded, (n) The key of & spark type: set must not be in the grounded wire of the circuit. Is) When the current ~s taken from lighting or power circuits for a spark set., the low frequency wire8 must be run in iron conduit or armored cable, and there must be' pro° vided two 500 ohm non-inductive resistances in series across the line with mid-point grounded. Section 33. (a) In rooms wherein inflaz~nable gases ,~y exist, the incandescent laarp and socket ~st be enclosed ina vaper~t~ht glebe, and supported on a pipe-hanger, wired with approved rubber, covered wire soldered directly to the circuit. (b) In wet places, proof' sockets must be used.. Unless m~de up on fixtures they must be hung by separate stranded rubber-covered wires not sma. ller tha~ No. 14 B. and S. gauge, which should preferably be twisted together ~hen .the pendant is over ti~ae (3)' feet long. These wires, must be soldered directly to the circuit wires, but supported independently of them. (c) Lamp sockets within eight (8) feet of the'floor must be constructed of porcelain or other approved insulating mater,iai when installed over tile, cement, or earthen floors or close to sinks, lavatories or bath tubs; and such. construction shall be required. for all lamp sockets installed near any o,ther conducting materA&ls in such w~nner that, in the opinion of the ~lectrical Inspector, it would.be possible for a person to form a conducting path through hie body to the ground. (d) No medium base lamp socket of less than 660 watts capacity will be permitted, and no lamp socket can be used to supply more than six hundred and sixty (660) watts, unles's specially designed to provide a greater capacity. Section 3~. ~[ust be so arranged that under no circumstances will there be a difference of potential of over six hundr, ed (600) v~lts between any bare metal parts in any distributing switch or cutout cabinet, or 222 equivalent center of distribution. Section 35* (a) ~ust be so placed~as to reduce to a minimum the danger of communicating fire to adjacent combustible m~__terial, and special pe~ieelon must~ be secUred from the ~ectrical Ynspector to place switchboards in localities other than engine ~oms, for in engine roo~ they ~uld be under e~ert supervision. Switchboards must not be built up to the ceiling, a s~ce of three' feet being le~t, if possible, between the ceiling and the boa~. ~e space back of the 'board must be kept clear of rubbish and must not be used for stooge. (b) Must be ~de of non-'combustible, non-absorptive, inSUlating ~terial. (c) Must be accessible from all sides ~en the connections are on the back, but ~y be placed against a brick or stone ~11 ~en the wiring is entirely ~ the face. Yf the wiring is on the back, there must be a clear space of at least eighteen (18) inches between ~he ~11 ~d' the apparatus on the boa~, and even if 'the wiring is entirely on the face, it is much better to have the board set out from the ~11. ~e s~ce back ~f the board should not be closed in, except by grating or netting either the sides, top or bottom, ae such an enclosure is almost sure to be used, as a closet for clothing or for the storage of oil cans, rubbish, etc. An open space is much ~re likely to be kept clean, and is more convenient for ~king repairs, e~minations, etc. (d) Must be kept free from moisture. (e) Uires must be in plain sight or ~eadily accessible. Wires from a generator to switchboard ~y, ho~ver, be placed ~oncuit in the brick or cement pier on which the g~nerator stands, pro- vided that p~per precautions are taken to' protect them against ~isture and to thorou~ly ,insulate them from the pier. used, no further protection will be required, but it should not be allowed to rest upon. sharp edges ~ich: in time might cut into the lead sheath, especially if the cables were liable to vib~tion. A smooth run~y must be provided. Yf iron conduit ia provided, ~bber-sovered wire ~11 be satisfactory for low ~tential systems. gerber, as in dynamo rooms and on ~he back8 of switohboardi, creating mass of infl~ble insulation; 'such'wires should be enclosed in asbestos sleeving or other similar fire-proof protection. Section 35. (a) A fused ent~nce switch must be installed on each building so.ice in ~ readily accessible place not more than seven (7) feet f~m the floor, and as near as practicable to 'the point '~ere the ~res enter 'the building. (b) A fused service switch must be installed at each meter not more than seven (~) feet from the floor and arranged to cut o~f the current, from all circuits and devices including the meters, except t~t ~en app~ved sealable ~ervice s~tches are used the meter ~y be on the line side of the service switch. (c) ~ree wire entrance e~tches and se~ice switches ~y have a diconnecting st~p in lieu of a switch blade in a grounded neural. (d) Ail knife switches m~t be so mounted that gravity ~11 not tend to close them, unless prevented b~ a spring or otherwise from being, closed by gravity. (e) Ne ~in s~tch ~th capacity of less t~n thirty ~peres will be accepted . (f) Single ~le switches must'never be used as entrance s~tches nor placed in the neutral wire of a three-~re system, or in the grounded ~re of a t~-wire branch or tap circuit. ~ree-~y switches are con- sidered as s~ngle pole s~tches. (g) Ail flush switches must be enclosed in approved metal bo~s. (h) ~Snap switches, in connection ~th open wiring, must be provided with approved sub-bases to keep ~res clear of surfaced ~'red over. Switches us~ for controlling motors and other devices, ~less ~unt~ on s~tchboa~s or panel-boa~s, ~ust ~ve ne e~ ~ed live ~rt~ and be exte~ally ope~ted. Section ~7. No ~in service feeders for any installation 8~11 be 8~ller then No/ 10 ~.,amd S. gauge wires, and ~ere a total lead of more t~n fear 1,000 ~tt circuits at 110 volts is to be connected to se~ice ~res f~m other than iselat~ plants, three.re ~in feeders ~11 be required. Section 38. (l~or rules governing ~noving picture machines, see Section 26) l~ote: Ail wiring, apparatus, etc., not specifically covered by special rules herein given must conform t~ the requirements of the other sections of this o~inance. Definition: ~n so far as these ~les and requirements are concerned, the te~ ~theater~ s~ll mean a building or ~rt of a building in ~ich it is designed to ~ke a presentation of drastic, ope~tic, or other perfo~nces or sho~ for the entertai~ent of spectators ~ich is capable of seating at least four hundred (~0) persons, or ~ch has a stage for such perfo~ances that can be Used for scenery and.other stage appliances. S~TC~OA~S (a) Stage switchboards must be of the dead front t~e and ~de of non- combustible, non-Absorptive insulating ~terial and provided with a hood over the top to prevent anything from falling on it. Di~er~ be dead ~an the controlling switch is open. (b) Must be so wired that no set of l~ps requiring m~re than 1,~00 ~tts sh~ll be dependent upon one cutout. (c) Must be ~red in appr~ve~ conduit or a~ored cable, each l~p receptacle to be enclosed within an approved outlet box, or the l~p receptacles ~y be mounted in an iron or steel box, metal to be of a thickness not less than No, 20 U.S. sheet. meta~ gauge treated to prevent oxidation, so constructed as to enclose all wires. Wires .to be soldered to lugs of receptacles. (d) Cable for bo~ers ~ust be of approved type and suitably Supported;. conduit construction must be used from switchboard to point ~ere cables must be flexible to pe~it of the ~ising and lowering of border. (e) Must be suspended with wire ropes of ~mple strength, and grounded. STAGE POOKET~,[. (f) Must be ~f approved type controlled from switchboard,, each receptacl, to be of not less than fifty (50) emperez ~ting,. and each receptacle to be ~red with a separate circuit to its full capacity. '225 (g) ~ust b,e wired in approved .conduit of armored cable. All pend~.nt lights must be equipped with approved re~nforced oord, a~ored cable, or steel a~red fle~ble cord. (h) All lamps must be provided ~with approved ~rd8, sealed ar locked in place. (i). Arc l~ps used for stage effects must confo~ to the following re- quiremente:. ~ust be const~cted entirely of metal not less than No. 20 U. S. ga~e, except ~ere the use of approved instating ~terial ia necessa~,~ (j) ~ust be substantially constructed, and so designed p~vide f~r peoper ventilation, and to prevent sparks being ~itted from l~mps ~en s~e are in operatien, and mica must be used for f~e insulatio~ (k) Ail st~nded connections in l~p and at switch and rheostat must be provid~ with approved lugs. (1) ~eostat, if ~unted cn standard, must be rai~ed to a height of at least three (~) inches above floor line, ~nd in addition to being properly enclos~ must be surrounded ~th a substantially attached metal g~rd having a mesh not larger than one (1) square inch, ~tch~ ~rd is to be kept at least one (1) inch' from outside f~e of rheostat. (~)~0ver eve~ exit from theaters there shall be pe~nently lo,ted on the inside of such exit a sign bearing the ~rd '~xit' painted or printed in easily legible, b01d faced letters not less than six Snehes in height~ ~ediatly adjacent to each of these exit signs, and promineDtly'displayed, on the inside off such exits, red lights shall placed. (n) ~ergencY lights must not have more t~n one set of fuses between same a~d the entrance fuses ~nd must be controlled by a switch located in a readily accessible place near the ent~nce to the auditori~ Section 39. (a) Ot%colled transfo~ers must not be placed inside of buildings ~thout special pe~ission from the ~ectrical Ynspector. pe~itted in buildings, must be located as near ~s possible to the point at ~ich.the priory wires enter the buil~ings. (b) Must be placed in an enclosure c~nstruct~ of.not less than eight (8) inch tile, concrete or 26 brick walls; the enclosure to be kept securely locked, and access to the same allowed onl.y to responsible~ parties. Provided,. however, that such enclosures will not be required for transformers in ~entral stations , and substations, ordinary auto-transformers or transformers designed to operate without oil and in which neither the -primary nor the secondary voltage exceeds 600 volts, or for oil-cooled transformers in which neither the primary nor the secondary voltage exceeds 2%0 volts and which are placed within fireproof surroundings and all conditions approved by the ~lectrical Inspector. (c) Must be permanently and effectually grounded and the enclosure in which they are placed must be practicall, air-tight, except that it must be thoroughly ventilated to the outside air, if possible, through a chimney or flue. There should be at least six (6) inches air space on all sides of the transformer. Section 40. Approved metallic conduits, approved armored cables, or approved metal mouldings shall be required for all light, heat and Power wiring in show windows, elevator shafts, hospitals, asylums or insti- tutions of any kind designed for the care or treatment of persons, apart- ment buildings, hotels, theatres, moving picture theatres, scheols, ~actories, public buildings, assembly halls or public halls, office build- ings, department stores, warehouses, mills, grain elevators, feed stores, stables arranged to accommodate more than four animals~ public garages, black-smith shops, and public automobile repair shops; ~rovicted, however, that such use of the above mentioned materials shall not be such-as will conflict with other provisions of this ordinance relative to the use of . such materials. Provided, however, that for minor alterations, extensions and repairs to existing systems, the Electrical Inspectors may in writing permit deviations from the above requirements. Provided, further, that concealed knob and tube wiring will be permitted in buildings which are used exclusively as private dwellings and arranged for not more than two separate families. For sizes not greater than 1~o/ 10 B. and S. gauge, one more conductor than permitted by the following table may be installed in the specified conduit prov. ided the conduit is not longer than 30 feet, and has not more th~n the equivalent of two quarter bends f'rom outlet to cutlet, the bends at the outlets not being counted: · TABLE X ?UO~Ti~ AND TI~FLE~W~R~ Size of Ninim~ Size o.f Conduit in Co~du~to r Inches B. and 8. ~uge ....... ~. ~. -3. ~' %- ~: 7'. ~.'~ ooo 3 ~0~00 ~0000 3 ,oooo ~oooo 3 ~oooo ~ , ~ 6 ~ooooo oooo ~o~ g~oooo 8~oo 8~oooo 9ooooo '1ooo~ 1200000 ,].25'oooo 3.3000o0 14.0,0000 ~ ~ooooo 1600000 ~gooooo ~oooo zSooooo xgooooo 2oooooo 6~ 6 6 6 6 6 6 (a) Conduits must be continuous from outlet to outlet. (b) Nust be 228 equipped at every outlet with an approved outlet box or plate, and must be provided, at such outlets, with approved Bushings or nipples fastened so as to protect the. wires from abrasion. Junction boxes must always be installed in such manner'as to be accessible. (c) Ail elbows and bends must be so made that the conduit'or lining of same will not be injured. The radius or curve of the inner edge of any elbow not to be less than thre~ and' one-half '(3~) 'incheS, and conduit ~ust not have more than the equivalent of four (~) quarter bends from outlet to outlet, not including the bends at the outlets. The conduit must be permanently and effectively grounded, by means of approved grounding clamps or other approved devices, tca suitable ground connection, as provided in Section 21 (c). (d) Wires must not be drawn in until all mechanical work on the building has been, as far as possible, completed. Conductors in vertical conduit risers must be supported within the conduit system in accordance with the following table: ~o. 14 to 0 every 100 feet. No. 00 to 0000 every 80 feet. No. 0000 to 3%0,000 C.M. every 60 feet. .Wo. 35o,ooo to 50o ooo c.M. every 50 feet. 500,000 C.M. to 750,000 C.M. every 40 feet. Above 750,000 C.M. every 35 feet. A turn of ninety (90) degrees in the conduit system will constitute a satisfactory support as per above table. The following methods of supporting cables are recommended: (1) Junction boxes may be inserted in the conduit system at the required intervals, in which insulating supports of approved type must be installed and secured in a satisfactory manner so as to withstand the weight of the conductors attached thereto, the boxes to be provided with proper' ~" covers. (2) Cables may be supported in approved Junction boxes on two or more insulating supports so placed that the conductors will be deflected at an angle of not less than ninety (90) degrees, and carried a distance of not less than twice the diameter of the cable from its vertical position. Cables so Suspended may be additionally secured to these insulators by tie-wires. Other methods, if used, -must be approved by the Electrical Inspectors. . 229 (e) ~ust have the tw~ or ~re wires of a circuit drawn in the' same conduit. (f) The same conduit mu~t never contain 'circuits of different systems, but ~ay' contain two or ~o're circuits of the same system* ~e ~ree ~st l~ve th~ conduit thr~h app~ved bushings. .... Section 4~. (a) Wires must have an a~roved rubbe~ insulatin~ covering and be rigidly supported on nOn-combustible, non-aBso~tive insu~atore" ~ich $~amte the wires at least one (1) inch from the s~rfface wired over. Shoed preferably be run singly on sepa~te timbers, or studdings, and must be kept at least five (~) inches apart. Special atteht~on must be given t~t the wires Be d~ tight, But no strain must be placed on the Joints in ~res, or around the ends of tubes or on outlet tubing, a~d a sufficient n~ber off ~ebs must be used at these ~ints to pre~ent such strains. (b) ~uet be separated from contact ~th the ~lls, floor timbers and ~rtitione through ~ich they ~y ~se By non-combustible, non-absorptive insulat~ng tube~, such as glass or ~rcela~nJ ( See also Section 11.) (c) ~igid supporting requires, under ordinary conditions, ~ere wiring along flat surface, supports at least every four and (~) feet. ~f the ~res are XiabIe to be disturb~d, the distance between supports should Be shortened. At distributing center, outlets or s~t~es ~ere space is limited and the fi~e (~) inch separation cannot be ~ln~ained, each wire must' be sepa~tely encased in a continuous length off approved flexible tubing. ~iree passing through timbers at the bottom'off plastered partitions must be p~tected by an additional tub'e, extending at least four (~) inches above the timber. (d)'~en, a concealed ~ob and tube system, it is impracticable t° Place the whole off a circuit en non-c~mbustible supports off glass or porcelain, that ~rtion of 2he circuit ~ich cannot be so supgorted must be installed ~th approved metal conduit, or approved a~or~ cable (see Section 9), except t~t iff the difference of potential between the wires is not o~er three hundred (~00) volts, and if the ~res are not e~sed to ~isture, they ~.y ~e fish~ iff se~tely encased In app~ved flexible 230 tubing, extending in continuous legnths from porcelain support to porcelain support, from porcelain support to outlet, or from outlet to outlet. (e) Must, at all outlets, except where conduits are used, be protected by approved flexible insulating tubing, extending in contin- uous lengths from the last porcelain knob to at least one (1) inch beyond the outlet. WIRING FOR ,,HI, GH POTENTIAL ,S¥STE~]~, 6.00 to .~.,000 MOLTS:_ Section 42. (Any circuit attached to any machine or combination of machines which develops a difference of potential, between any two wires, of over 600 volts and less than ~,000 volts, shall be consider- ed as a high potential circuit and as coming under that class, unless an approved transforming device is used which cuts the difference of potential down to 600 volts or less) (a) The f, nstallation of elec- trical apparatus operating at a potential in excess of six, hundred (600) volts is seldom necessary and will only be approved when every practical safeguard has been provided. Plans and specifications for installing high tension systems within buildings must be submitted to and approved by the Electrical Inspec.tor before any work is done on such installations. (b) Moros must, when operatin at a potential in excess of six hundred (600) volts, have no exposed live metal parts, and have their base-frames permanently and effectively grounded. (c) Installations for a potential between six hundred (600) and five thousand (~000) volts must be wired with approved metal sheath cable in approved unlined metal conduit firmly secured in place. The metal sheath must be permanently and effectively grounded, as .provided in Section 21-c, and the construction and installation of the conduit must conform to the r~les for interior' conduits. (d) The insulations of the several conductors for high potential motors, where leaving the metal sheath at outlets, must be thoroughly protected from moisture and mechanical injury, by means of a pothead or some equivalent method. The conduit must be substantially bonded to the metal casing of all fittings and apparatus connected to the inside high tension circuit. (e) The main line service for high tension systems within the buildings must be protected by main fuses and automatic switch. .~he circuit breaker must be provided with both overload and no voltage realeas, and must t~e so arranged that an overload in any one phase will operate to disconnect all wires of the circuit. (f) Transformers must be perman- ently and effectually grounded, and the enclosure in which they are placed must be practically airtight, except that it must be thoroughly ventilated to the outside air, if possible through a chimney or a flue. There should be at least six (6) inches of air space on all sides of the transformers. (g) Transformers must be placed in an enclosure, 'constructed ~ fire-resisting material; the enclosure to be used e~l$ for this purpose, and to be kept securely locked, and access to ,the same allowed only to responsible parties. Provided, however, that high tension switchboards and their accessories may also be located in this encle. Sure, if approval of detail has first been ecured from the Electrical ~nspector. Section ~. (Any circuit attached to any machine or combination of machines which develops a difference of potential, between any two wires, of over 5,000 volts, shall be considered as an extra-high p~tential circuit and as coming under that class, unless an approved trasnforming device is used which cuts the difference of potential down to ~,000 volts or less.) (a) Such wires must not be brought into or over buildings except power stations and substations. /~z~7~ ~ $/~ 3 ~ /% ~ ~ 231